Asian markets news: Stocks sink, dollar climbs as risk of hawkish Powell looms

Asian stocks sold off and the dollar scaled an 11-week peak against major peers on Friday, as investors braced for the risk of a hawkish tilt from Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell at Jackson Hole.

US yields stabilised below 14-year highs. Crude oil found its footing around one-month lows, but remained on course for a second weekly decline amid a firmer dollar and simmering China-centered worries about global growth.

Meanwhile, the People's Bank of China set a much stronger-than-anticipated official mid-point for the yuan - something it has done every day this week - to keep a floor under its currency amid the strains from a robust dollar and a sputtering economy.

MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares sagged 1.2 per cent, but remained on track for a 0.5 per cent gain for the week, which would snap a three-week run of declines.

Nerves ahead of Powell's speech at the Fed's annual retreat for global central bankers, including the Bank of Japan's Kazuo Ueda and European Central Bank's Christine Lagarde, encouraged traders to cash in on the tech-led rally after chip designer Nvidia's extremely strong financial results following Wednesday's closing bell.

The tech-centric Nasdaq slumped 2.2 per cent to lead losses of more than 1 per cent across Wall Street's three major indexes, and futures indicated a flat start at the reopen.

Japan's Nikkei tumbled 2 per cent, with Nvidia supplier Advantest the biggest drag, crashing almost 10 per cent.

Hong Kong's Hang Seng slid 1.1 per cent, with a tech subindex dropping 1.7 per cent. Mainland blue chips  drooped 0.4 per cent.

"It's all down to Powell," said Matt Simpson, a senior market analyst at City Index.

"In all likelihood, he'll peddle the 'higher for longer' narrative which is likely already priced in, and that leaves the potential for a 'buy the rumour, sell the fact' response," Simpson said.

"However, there is also no real reason for Powell to strike a dovish tone," he added, "and that could mean an ugly end to the week for stocks, while the dollar shines."

The Fed has been raising rates since March 2022 in an effort to bring down inflation, and investors are looking for clarity on whether more rate increases are ahead and how long the Fed plans to hold rates high.

Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker set the stage in an interview with CNBC on Thursday, saying he doubted the central bank will need to raise rates again, but also indicated he was not ready to predict when rate cuts might begin.

The US dollar index - which measures the currency against a basket of six developed-market peers, including the euro and yen - pushed as high as 104.20 in Asia, a level last seen in early June.

The euro sank to the lowest since mid-June at $1.07845.

Against Japan's currency , the dollar edged back toward last week's nine-month high of 146.545, last trading at 146.15.

Tokyo consumer price data on Friday, which front-runs nationwide figures, showed inflation remained well above the BOJ's target, but slowed for a second straight month, implying less pressure on the BOJ to imminently tweak policy again.

The Japanese government bond market was quiet, with the benchmark 10-year note yet to change hands on the day. The yield retreated to 0.645 per cent on Thursday after hitting a 9-1/2-year peak of 0.675 per cent in the previous session. The BOJ unexpectedly doubled the de-facto policy cap on the yield to 1 per cent at the end of last month.

Equivalent US Treasury yields ticked up in Asia time, last sitting at 4.245 per cent, off the previous session's low of 4.174 per cent but well back from Tuesday's peak of 4.366 per cent, the highest level since November 2007.

The Chinese yuan traded slightly weaker in offshore markets , slipping 0.07 per cent to 7.2866 per dollar. For the week though, it has firmed about 0.28 per cent, pulling away from Thursday's 9-1/2-month trough of 7.349.

On top of strong signalling with the official mid-point, the PBOC was also directing domestic banks to scale back outward investments, shrinking the supply of yuan overseas.

In energy markets, crude prices eased further on Friday, staying on track for weekly declines of between 2-3 per cent. Brent crude fell 16 cents, or 0.2 per cent, to $83.20 a barrel, while US West Texas Intermediate crude fell 18 cents, or 0.2 per cent, to $78.91 a barrel.