UK inflation falls by more than anticipated to 15-month low of 7.9%; may limit interest rate hikes

Inflation in the UK has fallen by more than anticipated to a 15-month low, official figures showed on Wednesday, a development that may ease the pressure on the Bank of England to raise interest rates sharply over the coming months, to the potential relief of struggling households.

The Office for National Statistics said that inflation, as measured by the consumer prices index, fell to 7.9 per cent in the year to June from 8.7 per cent the previous month. Most economists had expected a more modest decline to 8.2 per cent.

The statistics agency said the falling of fuel prices was the biggest driver behind the drop, while food price inflation also pared back, though they remained historically high.

Despite the decline, inflation is still running far higher than the Bank of England's target rate of 2 per cent.

As a result, the central bank is expected to raise its main interest rate further at its upcoming meeting in early August. However, the bigger-than-expected fall may mean it only raises it by a quarter of a percentage to 5.25 per cent rather than a half-point.

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That may provide homeowners who are looking to get a new mortgage deal some comfort if the sharp upward pressure on mortgage rates starts to decline.

The Bank of England, like other central banks around the world, has been raising interest rates over the past 18 months or so, firstly as a result of supply chain problems linked to the coronavirus pandemic and then by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which led to a sharp rise in energy and food prices in particular.

However, inflation in the UK has proved stickier than in other wealthy nations within the Group of Seven for a number of reasons.

Many economists blame Britain's departure from the European Union as one reason for impeded trade. Others blame the Bank of England for being too slow in raising interest rates, which help dampen down inflation by making it more expensive for consumers and businesses to borrow.

"The UK still has one of the highest inflation rates of any advanced economy, but after today it merely looks bad rather than a basket case," said James Smith, Research Director at the Resolution Foundation. "That is a very welcome improvement."

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Though inflation is clearly heading down from its double-digit peak in late 2022, it is still a long way from the British government's target to halve inflation to around 5 per cent by the end of the year.

"Inflation is falling and stands at its lowest level since last March, but we aren't complacent and know that high prices are still a huge worry for families and businesses," Treasury chief, Jeremy Hunt, said after the figures were released.

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