US stock market: US stocks closed lower on Wednesday after an abrupt mid-afternoon nosedive ended Wall Street's impressive rally, which had been driven by falling interest rates and the Federal Reserve's dovish turn.

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All three major US stock indexes veered lower late in the session to end 1.3 per cent to 1.5 per cent below Tuesday's close.

Stocks were "near all time highs, they hit resistance," said Jay Hatfield, portfolio manager at InfraCap in New York, noting the downturn was "surprisingly vociferous, things went from hot to cold real fast."

"It’s surprising how aggressive the sell-off is, but it makes sense considering how far we’ve come," Hatfield added.

FedEx (FDX.N) shares tumbled 12.1 per cent after the package delivery company missed quarterly profit estimates and cut its full-year revenue forecast as it battles United Parcel Service (UPS.N) in what is shaping up to be a weak holiday season. UPS dropped 2.9 per cent.

Some traders said the market selloff could have been aggravated by large purchases of near-term put options on the S&P 500, including put contracts that would guard against a drop below the 4,755 level on the index by the end of the session.

Put options convey the right to sell shares at a fixed price in the future and at times options-linked hedging activity can heighten volatility.

In extended trade, Micron Technology (MU.O) jumped 4.4 per cent after the memory chipmaker forecast quarterly revenue above estimates.

During the session, the S&P 500 got within 0.5 per cent of its all-time closing high. Reaching a new closing high would have confirmed the benchmark index had been in a bull market since closing at the bear market floor in October 2022.

The index is now more than 2.0 per cent below its record closing high.

"We've had this aggressive rally in December and investor sentiment is high, it went from bearish to bullish in almost record time," said Thomas Martin, Senior Portfolio Manager at GLOBALT in Atlanta. "So the markets are asking 'now what?'"

Last week, the Federal Reserve signaled it had reached the end of its tightening cycle and opened the door to rate cuts in 2024.

Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee late Tuesday reiterated that the rate at which inflation cools to the Fed's annual 2 per cent target will drive policy on rate reduction.

Financial markets were pricing in a 71.1 per cent likelihood of that first cut arriving as soon as March, according to CME's FedWatch tool.

On the economic front, bigger than expected jump in US consumer confidence and a surprise increase in existing home sales helped turn the major indexes green.

The Commerce Department is expected to wrap up the week with its third and final take on third-quarter GDP on Thursday, to be followed on Friday by its wide-ranging Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) report, which will cover income growth, consumer spending and, crucially, inflation.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (.DJI) fell 475.92 points, or 1.27 per cent, to 37,082, the S&P 500 (.SPX) lost 70.02 points, or 1.47 per cent, to 4,698.35 and the Nasdaq Composite (.IXIC) dropped 225.28 points, or 1.5 per cent, to 14,777.94.

All 11 major sectors in the S&P 500 closed in the red, with consumer staples (.SPLRCS) suffering the steepest percentage decline after packaged food company General Mills (GIS.N) cut its sales forecast.

Alphabet gained 1.2 per cent after the company announced it was restructuring Google's ad sales unit.

Management consulting firm Aon (AON.N) tumbled 6.0 per cent following its announcement that it would buy privately held insurance broker NFP in a $13.4 billion deal.

Declining issues outnumbered advancing ones on the NYSE by a 2.64-to-1 ratio; on Nasdaq, a 2.26-to-1 ratio favored decliners.

The S&P 500 posted 36 new 52-week highs and 1 new lows; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 210 new highs and 89 new lows.

Volume on US exchanges was 12.84 billion shares, compared with the 12.15 billion average for the full session over the last 20 trading days.